Dynamic Signs

tanda-tanda dinamika menyatakan bagaimana keras-lembutnya suatu lagu harus dimainkan
tanda-tanda dinamika disebut juga dynamic signs

• pp : pianissimo : very soft
• ppp : pianissimo possibile : as soft as possible
• p : piano : soft
• mp : mezzo piano : moderately soft
• mf : mezzo forte : moderately loud
• f : forte : loud
• ff : fortissimo : very loud
• fff : fortissimo assai : as loud as possible

perubahan tanda dinamika

• crescendo (cresc.) : gradually getting louder
• decrescendo (decresc.) : gradually getting softer
• da capo (D.C.) : from the beginning
• diminuendo (dim.) : gradually getting softer
• rallentando (rall.) : gradually getting slower
• ritenuto (riten. or rit.) : held back
• ritardando (ritard. or rit.) : gradually getting slower
• dolce : sweet
• perdondosi : softens until it dissepears
• smorzzande : little by little lost
• calando : reduce the hardware
• poco a poco : little by little / gradually